14 信息安全

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防火墙类型工作层级关键特性典型场景
包过滤网络层/传输层检查IP/TCP头（如端口、IP地址）路由器内置防火墙
应用级网关应用层深度检查HTTP/FTP等应用数据Web应用防护、邮件过滤
状态检测防火墙传输层跟踪连接状态（如TCP握手）企业网络边界

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病毒

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